These unbalanced influences create flaws in the
process, and the result is a flawed system/project (Sauer, 1993). The factors which highly
influence a system and then tend to create flaws and make hurdles in the success of an IS
project are termed as risks (Ward, 1995).
Information systems development process is open to flaws, and every information system is
flawed in some way. However flaws are different from failure. Flaws are a characteristic of
the system itself and also of the innovation process. Flaws are never desired by any stakeholder,
for example, project organization, users, or supporters. Flaws are corrected at a cost
or are accepted at some other cost. One technical type of flaw is a bug, which either stops
a running program or destroys the results. Another type of flaw is any system characteristic
which the users find inconvenient or otherwise undesirable, for example, a particular data
entry form. This kind of flaw can also be corrected or accepted at a cost. There may also be
flaws in the development process that are introduced by a decision about how to proceed
in a particular step in the process. A particular decision may give the desired result with
perhaps a greater cost, or may produce some other flaws.
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